HISTORY
- New England
Communications Service
for the Deaf, Inc.
From the day Alexander
Graham Bell invented the telephone
while experimenting
on devices
to enable deaf
people to hear
until the year
1964, deaf
people have
been unable
to take
advantage
of the telephone by themselves.
It is quite ironical
that the device
invented by Dr. Bell
was an
attempt
to create
some sort of hearing
aid for the deaf.
The telephone has
become a
vital
and accepted
mode of communications
between people at
distances
from each
other; but until
recently,
remained useless
to the deaf.
Then
in 1963, Mr.
Robert H.
Weitbretch
of California,
a deaf
research
physicist
with Stanford Research
Institute
of Menlo Park, developed
an interface
unit that is used between a telephone
and a teletypewriter, enabling
visual printed
communications
between
people.
This interface unit, initially
called a "terminal
unit", is
now
known as PHONETYPE,
and is trade-marked
as such. Mr.
Weitbretch,
together
with Dr. James C. Marsters
and Mr.
Andrew
Saks,
both of whom
are deaf,
formed
a company,
Allied
Communications
Corporation,
to produce
these
PHONETYPES
commercially.
Now, with over 1,000
PHONETYPES
installed
through-out
the country,
it is imperative
that some
sort of organization
be formed
to
service a New
England network.
Thus
the New
England
Communications
Service for the
Deaf,
Inc., was
formed
on January 1970 at
Tom Rule's home.
NECSD's
main
function
is to obtain
used
and/or discarded
teletype
(TTY)
machines of the
5-level
code,
60-words
per minute
type,
recondition
these machines
to utilize the
PHONETYPE
and a cradle
box for
the handset,
install
these TTYs and
PHONETYPES
in subscribers'
homes and
provide necessary
technical
servicing
for the
New England
regional
TTY network.
NECSD also
has several
other purpose~,
which
are listed
elsewhere in
this Annual Report.
A
Massachusetts charter
has been drawn
up by a lawyer,
Mr. Frederick
Conroy,
who has
kindly donated
his services
for this
necessary document.
Father
John Fitzpatrick
has been
very
helpful in the establishment
of NECSD as
a non-profit
organization,
and
continues
to exhibit
strong interest
in the
deaf.
At this time,
agents for the
New England
area are
Tom Rule,
George
Ecker,
George Clapp
and Edward Buell.
Eventually, it
is hoped
that there
will be additional agents,
each servicing
their own areas
throughout
the
network.
Officers
elected are
Tom Rule
as President,
George Ecker as Vice
President,
Jim Emery as
Treasurer
and Elizabeth
Emery
as Secretary,
with Board
of Director members
being George
Clapp, Father
John
Fitzpatrick
and Joel
Ziev. Several
Board meetings
have
been held,
furthering
discussions and
plans for bettering
communications
among the deaf
and their friends
in the hearing
world.
The First
Regional
TTY Workshop
and Conference
was held on
April 11,
1970 at
the John
F. Kennedy School
of Religion
in Lexington,
Mass. This
occasion enabled
everyone
attending
to become more
knowledgeable
of
NECSD's
aims and
functions.
Various
TTYs were
displayed
and tried
out, a demonstration
of TTY
maintenance
and functions
were given
by the
two Georges (Clapp
and
Ecker),
followed
by a discussion
of the basic
theory of PHONETYPE
and TTY
by Tom
Rule. The
general
meeting
covered
an introduction
of officers
to the meeting,
a description
of NECSD's
goals and
current
situations,
the announcement
of a financial
plan
for future
purchasers,
and a general
discussion
of communications.
It was felt that
much
good
came out of
this meeting,
and
that more
can be done
to help
all deaf
people.
In
September,
1970 Tom Rule
inaugurated
the DEAF
MESSENGER,
which
is an information
center
announcing
news, social
gatherings,
meetings,
religious
activities
all relating
to the
deaf world.
This service is
revised on
a weekly
basis, and is put
on tape for
automatic
rapid transmission
to any
TTY
subscriber
calling
that
number at
any time
of the day
or night.
While
the information
is of regional
interest, calls
from California
and St. Louis
have
been
made to obtain
this
information, which
attests
to the national
interest
that deaf people have
in other
deaf of
the United States.
In November,
1970,
it was voted
by the Board
of Directors
that NECSD
join the
Massachusetts
Council
of Organizations
Serving the
Deaf (MASS
COSO) and
the Connecticut
Council
of Organizations
Serving the
Deaf (CONNCOSD)
as a member of each,
with Tom Rule
as MASS
COSO
representative
and George Ecker
as CONNCOSD
representative.
The TTY
network
was involved
recently
in an attempt
to arouse
more support for
the House Bill
4600,
which
has to do with the
Court providing
interpreters
for the deaf
to those
deaf people
appearing
in Court. Time
was very
short, but thanks
to the
TTY network, it was possible
to inform
many
TTY subscribers,
and through
them,
other deaf,
of the
urgent need to secure
more support
by requesting
everyone to -immediately
write to their
own representatives
in the Massachusetts
House of Representatives,
urging them to support
Bill 4600
when it came
onto the floor. In
the meanwhile, this
Bill was still
in the Ways
and Means Committee, and
word came
that there was
a possibility
that the
Bill would
be killed
in Committee, thus
preventing
it from appearing
on the
floor. Again,
the network was
used to immediately
spread
the
alarm and
start up
petitions,
etc.
Within the time
involved,
none
of this activity
could have
been
possible without
the scope
and range
of this
TTY network under
NECSD.
In this day and
age of technological
advancement,
the deaf
are finally
arriving at a
place whereby
they can begin
to make themselves
heard and
their needs known to others besides
themselves. It
is up
to all
of us to
maintain
and improve
this precarious position
in communications,
ever
seeking ways
to continually
strive for better
utilization
of existing
and future
methods
of communications with everyone,
deaf and
hearing alike.
IN ADDITION
.... To reconditioning
TTYs and servicing,
NECSD's other
purposes:
A service
center involved
in the research
and development
of deaf and deaf-blind
communications systems
and the development
of new uses for the presently
available
equipment.
The
development of
a braille printer
for the present
equipment,
operating,
from teletypewriter
signals.
Establishment
of central
bureaus, or answering services
in the major
cities
that could
relay TTY
emergency messages
to doctors, police
and fire departments
in a voice mode,
and would
permit
friends,
relatives
and other
hearing
individuals to
call
the deaf and
communicate over
the phone. Such
a bureau
would also
enable deaf
and deaf-blind
to operate
their
own
business, utilizing
this service
to contact
clients.
Development of
a combination
short-wave
radio-demodulator,
which would
act as
a substitute
for the radio.
Present
experiments
show that
a teletypewriter
works effectively
from
radio signals.
The deaf
and deaf-blind
could pick
up news
reports
and weather
reports
on their
PHONETYPE units.
The development
and publication
of a shorthand
or other
code for the
deaf and deaf-blind;
this would
allow for
quick
transmissions over the
telephone
and help
cut the
costs on long
distance
calls.
The
development
of a special
national phone
directory
for the
deaf and deaf-blind.
Establishment
of training
centers
to train
volunteers in
servicing and
repairing PHONETYPE
and TTY equipment.
Further
development of the system
with telephone
signallers or
special lights that would indicate to a deaf
person that
the phone is ringing.
Initiate
study of other possible means of
communication,
such as pushbutton
phones, public TTY
booths in major cities
and other types
of equipment
that are presently being developed.
Setting up
of a committee
to standardize
all aspects
of deaf
and deafblind
communications.
Coordination
of all these
activities with the telephone
companies,
seeking their
assistance in further
development
of the
telephone-TTY
network.
•
O R
G A N I Z A T ION S
For the
benefit of those
who would like
to know about
the organizations
serving
the deaf
in the New England
area, the following
is a functional
listing:
(* means
the organization
is a member
of MASSCOSD)
Communications Network:
* New England Communications Service for the Deaf, Inc.
Social and Recreational
Groups:
*
Boston Deaf Club
* Boston Oral Club
Fall River Association of the Deaf
Holyoke Athletic & Social Club
* Mohawk Oral Club (Springfield)
* Quincy Deaf Club
* Worcester Deaf Club
Religious Groups:
* Boston Chapter #5 of the International Catholic Deaf Association (ICDA)
* Boston Hebrew Association of the Deaf
* Deaf Church of Our Savior (Lutheran)
Fall River Chapter #91 ICDA
Worcester Catholic Deaf Center
Fraternal groups offering insurance benefits:
National Fraternal Society for the Deaf:
* Boston Division #35
Holyoke Division #26
* Springfield Division #67
* Worcester Division #60
* Massachusetts Benevolent Association of the Deaf
Alumni Associations:
*Beverly School for the Deaf
*Boston School for the Deaf (Randolph)
*Clarke School for the Deaf (Northampton)
*Horace Mann School for the Deaf (Roxbury)
Senior Deaf Citizens:
* New England Home for the Aged Deaf (Danvers)
Parent Groups:
* Mass. Parents Association for the Deaf & Hard of Hearing
Billerica Hearing & Speech Society
Special Schools:
*The Learning Center for Deaf Children (Framingham)
Citizens Planning Group:
* Speech and Hearing Foundation of Massachusetts
Resource Agency:
* Deafness Resources Institute
Professional Community
Agencies:
* Boston Guild for the Hard of Hearing
* Metropolitan Center for Speech- and Hearing Therapy
* Worcester County Hearing and Speech Center
Educators:
Massachusetts Association of Educators of the Hearing Impaired
NOTE the
original document has this error
... and yes... the PDF still has it !
(we need full Adobe Acobat)
In
September, 1960
Tom Rule inaugurated the DEAF MESSENGER, which is an information center
announcing news, social gatherings, meetings, religious activities all
relating to the deaf world.
This
is impossible of course as that would be before the group
existed text here was changed to....
In September, 1970 Tom Rule
inaugurated the DEAF MESSENGER, which is an information center announcing
news, social gatherings, meetings, religious activities all relating to
the deaf world.
This document from
the Paul and Sally Taylor Collection at SMECC.
This is just the history section.
See the entire report and photos of members and testimonials HERE
When you click it wait for it to
download 31 pages of PDF!
(First Annual Report of the New England
Communications Service for the Deaf, Inc.
(December 1970) resides in the Paul and Sally Taylor Collection at
SMECC)
See all the testimonials for the TTY like
this one from Tom Rule
seated along side with Mary Betty Rule in the PDF Version HERE
Photo ca. 1970 From the Tom Rule Collection at SMECC
Ruth Ecker
George Clapp Elizabeth
Emery James
Emery
?
?
Wife of TDI agent
TDI
agent
Security
Treasurer
(WORK IN PROGRESS ON THIS
Chart Pages from the Meeting - )
Ed Sharpe who was supplying the funds to purchase the couplers and foot
the loans??
Tom Rule - As it turned out, every one paid in full for
couplers.
Ed Sharpe - It was good to have them available at time payments and back then almost
300 was harder to come by than today...
Tom Rule - I thought so too but no body asked me for monthly
payments.
( From the Tom Rule Collection at SMECC)
( From the Tom Rule Collection at SMECC)
( From the Tom Rule Collection at SMECC)
( From the Tom Rule Collection at SMECC)
( From the Tom Rule Collection at SMECC)
( From the Tom Rule Collection at SMECC)
(From the Tom Rule Collection at SMECC)
|
|